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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Wenyang jieyu decoction on phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway and neurotransmitters in rats with kidney-yang deficiency depression. METHODS The SD rats were divided into blank group， model group， fluoxetine group （positive control of western medicine， 4.17 mg/kg）， Xiaoyao powder group （positive control of TCM， 1.88 g/kg） and Wenyang jieyu decoction low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （1.25， 2.50， 5.00 g/kg）， with 15 rats in each group. Except for blank group， the other groups were treated with corticosterone 20 mg/kg subcutaneously to induce kidney-yang deficiency depressed model， meanwhile the mice were given relevant medicine intragastrically， once a day， for 28 consecutive days. The general conditions of rats were observed. The sucrose preference rate and the static time of forced swimming were detected， and organ indexes of rats were calculated. The levels/contents of neurotransmitters in serum were detected， the expressions of PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins in hippocampus were detected， and the number of dendritic spines was determined. RESULTS Compared with blank group， model group suffered from the symptoms such as hair loss， fear of cold， curling up； sucrose preference rate， indexes of adrenal gland， thymus gland and spleen，serum levels of cyclic adenosine phosphate （cAMP）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor and gamma-aminobutyric acid， the ratio of cAMP to cyclic guanosine monophosphate， the contents of norepinephrine， dopamine and 5-hydroxy-tryptamine， the expressions of PI3K， Akt， mammalian target of rapamycin， and the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus were significantly decreased （P＜0.01）. The time of immobility， level of glutamic acid and protein expression of glycogen synthetase kinase-3β were prolonged and increased （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， depression symptoms of rats in each administration group were improved， and the above indexes were mostly reversed （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Wenyang jieyu decoction can improve depression-like behavior and the deficiency of kidney-yang， regulate the secretion of neurotransmitters， and activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， thus playing a role in protecting hippocampal neurons.
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Novel coronavirus Omicron variant infection can cause severe illness and even death in certain populations. Omicron variant infection may lead to systemic inflammatory response, coagulation disorder, multi-organ dysfunction and other pathophysiological changes, which are different from other Novel coronavirus variants to a certain extent, so therapeutic strategies should not be the same. The National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events invited experts in fields of infectious diseases, respiratory medicine, intensive care, pediatrics and fever clinic to develop this quick guideline based on the current best evidence and extensive clinical practices. This quick guideline aims to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus Omicron infection, and to improve the disease management abilities of clinicians.
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The efficacy of constructivism teaching mode in physical diagnostics teaching was evaluated in this study. We built up the constructivism teaching mode in diagnostics teaching taking the clinical symptoms as the theme, and through such aspects as courseware design, teaching plan preparation, SP playing and inquiry, SimMan simulated physical examination, condition analysis, etc. Then questionnaires were conducted to analyze the role of the constructivism teaching mode in diagnostics teaching. The diagnostics constructivism teaching mode can provide students with a platform for self-construction of diagnostics and integrated application of knowledge. Meanwhile, students' sense of participation can be improved and multiple learning skills are enhanced during the course.
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OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of Atractylodes macrocephala ethanol extract （AM） on life span of Caenorhabditis elegans（called N 2 nematode for short ），and to investigate its mechanism based on transcription factor SKN- 1/ nuclear factor E 2 related factor 2（Nrf2）. METHODS ：N2 nematode were divided into blank control group ，positive control group （100 μ mol/L curcumin，similarly hereinafter ），AM low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （100，200，300 μ g/mL， similarly hereinafter ）. The effects of AM on the life span （by average survival time ）of N 2 nematode under normal condition and oxidant stress condition （40 mmol/L H 2O2）as well as its effects on reproductive capability （by the number of filial generation ）of N2 nematode under normal condition were investigated . 700 μmol/L H2O2 was used to establish neuroblastoma cells N 2a oxidant stress model. Effects of positive control ，low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose of AM on the survival rate of model cells were detected by MTT method. After human embryonic renalepithelial cells 293T were transfected with Nrf 2-ARE plasmid ， the effects of positive control and AM on luciferase activity of Nrf2-ARE were detected by luciferase reporter gene method at low，medium and high dose for 24 h and at medium dose for 12，18 and 24 h. RT-PCR was used to detect the effects ofpositive control ，low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose of AM on the mRNA expression of downstream genes NQO- 1 and HO- 1 of Nrf 2 in N 2a cells as well as mRN A expression of en@hactcm.edu.cn downstream genes GCS- 1，GST-7，GST-10，HSP-60，HSP- 16.2 and SOD- 3 of SKN- 1 in N 2 nematode. RESULTS ：Compared with blank control group ，average survival time of N 2 nematode under normal and oxidant stress condition was significantly prolonged in positive control group and AM groups ；the number of filial generation on the first day （except for AM high-dose group ），the number of filial generation on the second day （except for AM low-dose group ） and the total number of filial generation （except for AM low-dose group ） were increased significantly（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The survival rate of N 2a cells in positive control group ，AM medium-dose and high-dose groups were significantly higher than that of model group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with blank control group ，Nrf2-ARE luciferase relative activity of 293T cells in positive control group and AM groups as well as Nrf 2-ARE luciferase relative activity of 293T cells in AM medium-dose group after different time of treatment were increased significantly （P＜0.01），in dose-dependent and time-dependent trend. Compared with blank control group ，mRNA relative expression of HO- 1 and NQO- 1（except for positive control group ），GCS-1（except for AM low-dose group ），GST-7（except for positive control group and AM low-dose group ）， GST-10 and HSP- 60（except for AM low-dose group ），HSP-16.2（except for positive control group and AM low-dose group ）and SOD-3 （except for positive control group and AM low-dose group ） were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：AM can prolong the life span of N 2 nematode under normal and oxidant stress condition and improve the its reproductive capacity ，the mechanism of which may be associated with the activation of SKN- 1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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We conducted a randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled, multicenter trial on the use of Shuanghuanglian (SHL), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, in treating cases of COVID-19. A total of 176 patients received SHL by three doses (56 in low dose, 61 in middle dose, and 59 in high dose) in addition to standard care. The control group was composed of 59 patients who received standard therapy alone. Treatment with SHL was not associated with a difference from standard care in the time to disease recovery. Patients with 14-day SHL treatment had significantly higher rate in negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 in nucleic acid swab tests than the patients from the control group (93.4% vs. 73.9%, P = 0.006). Analysis of chest computed tomography images showed that treatment with high-dose SHL significantly promoted absorption of inflammatory focus of pneumonia, which was evaluated by density reduction of inflammatory focus from baseline, at day 7 (mean difference (95% CI), -46.39 (-86.83 to -5.94) HU; P = 0.025) and day 14 (mean difference (95% CI), -74.21 (-133.35 to -15.08) HU; P = 0.014). No serious adverse events occurred in the SHL groups. This study illustrated that SHL in combination with standard care was safe and partially effective for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Humans , COVID-19 , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Research , SARS-CoV-2 , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To determine the carrier rate of deafness-related genetic variants among 53 873 newborns from Zhengzhou.@*METHODS@#Heel blood samples of the newborns were collected with informed consent from the parents, and 15 loci of 4 genes related to congenital deafness were detected by microarray.@*RESULTS@#In total 2770 newborns were found to carry deafness-related variants, with a carrier rate of 5.142%. 1325 newborns (2.459%) were found to carry heterozygous variants of the GJB2 gene, 1071 (1.988%) were found with SLC26A4 gene variants, 205 were found with GJB3 gene variants (0.381%), and 120 were found with 12S rRNA variants (0.223%). Five newborns have carried homozygous GJB2 variants, two have carried homozygous SLC26A4 variants, five have carried compound heterozygous GJB2 variants, and four have carried compound heterozygous SLC26A4 variants. 33 neonates have carried heterozygous variants of two genes at the same time.@*CONCLUSION@#The carrier rate of deafness-related variants in Zhengzhou, in a declining order, is for GJB2, SLC26A4, GJB3 and 12S rRNA. The common variants included GJB2 235delC and SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G, which are similar to other regions in China. To carry out genetic screening of neonatal deafness can help to identify congenital, delayed and drug-induced deafness, and initiate treatment and follow-up as early as possible.
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OBJECTIVE：To stu dy in vitro lipid-lowering effect of ganoderic acid C 2（GAC2），and to investigate its potential mechanism on the basis of S 6K/SREBPs signaling pathway. METHODS ：Using human liver cells HL- 7702 as objects ，MTT assay was used to test relative cell viability after treated with low ，medium and high doses （5，10，20 μmol/L，hereinafter）of GAC 2. Using lovastatin as positive control ，ELISA method was used to detect the contents of TC and TG in cells after treated with low ， medium and high doses of GAC 2. Nile red staining was used to observe the accumulation of lipids in cells. After transfected SREBPs report gene plasmid ，using 25-HC as positive control ，relative viability of SREBPs luciferase in cells were determined by luciferase assay after treated with low ，medium and high doses of GAC 2. Using 25-HC as positive control ，real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of SREBPs and their downstream genes in cells after treated with medium and high doses of GAC 2. Using SREBPs inhibitor （25-HC）and S 6K inhibitor （rapamycin）as control ，Western blotting assay was adopted to determine the expression of SREBP- 1 and SREBP- 2（in the case of n-SREBPs ），relative expression ratio of phosphorylated S 6K to S 6K（p-S6K/S6K ratio ）. AutoDock 4.0 and other softwares were used for molecular docking of S 6K and GAC2. RESULTS ：There was no significant effect of low ， 0.05）. Compared with blank control group ，the content of TC qq.com in lovastatin group and GAC 2 high-dose group as well as thecontent of TG in lovastatin group ， GAC2 medium- and 床应用。电话：0371-65962746。E-mail：whui3697@126.com high-dose groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）；the number of lipid droplets in the cells of all medication groups decreased. Compared with blank control group ，relative viability of SREBPs luciferase in 25-HC group ，GAC2 low-，medium- and high-dose groups were decreased significantly ；mRNA expression of HMGCS1，MVK，SCD，HMGCR gene in 25-HC group and GAC 2 medium-，high-dose groups ，mRNA expression of DHCR7 gene in 25-HC group ，mRNA expression of SREBP-2 gene in GAC- 2 high-dose group as well as mRNA expression of DHCR24 and MSMO2 gene in 25-HC group and GAC 2 high-dose group were all decreased significantly ；relative protein expression of n-SREBP- 1 in 25-HC group ，GAC2 low-，medium- and high-dose groups ，relative protein expression of n-SREBP- 2 in 25-HC group and GAC 2 high-dose group as well as p-S 6K/S6K ratio in rapamycin group and GAC 2 groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The molecular docking results showed that GAC 2 could bound to amino acid residues Arg 335，Arg330 and Ala332 of S 6K via hydrogen bond. CONCLUSIONS ：GAC2 can reduce the lipid level of HL- 7702 cells，which may be associated with inhibiting the expression of S 6K/SREBPs signaling pathway.
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Objective@#To evaluate the cardiovascular damage of patients with COVID-19, and determine the correlation of serum N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) with the severity of COVID-19, and the impact of concomitant cardiovascular disease on severity of COVID-19 was also evaluated.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional study was designed on 150 consecutive patients with COVID-19 in the fever clinic of Tongji Hospital in Wuhan from January to February in 2020, including 126 mild cases and 24 cases in critical care. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the correlation of past medical history including hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) , as well as the levels of serum NT-proBNP and cTnI to the disease severity of COVID-19 patients.@*Results@#Age, hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and serum creatinine levels of the patients were higher in critical care cases than in mild cases(all P<0.05). Prevalence of male, elevated NT-proBNP and cTnI, hypertension and coronary heart disease were significantly higher in critical cases care patients than in the mild cases(all P<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, male, elevated NT-proBNP, elevated cTnI, elevated hs-CRP, elevated serum creatinine, hypertension, and CHD were significantly correlated with critical disease status(all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated cTnI(OR=26.909, 95%CI 4.086-177.226, P=0.001) and CHD (OR=16.609, 95%CI 2.288-120.577, P=0.005) were the independent risk factors of critical disease status.@*Conclusions@#COVID-19 can significantly affect the heart function and lead to myocardial injury. The past medical history of CHD and increased level of cTnI are two independent determinants of clinical disease status in patients with COVID-19.
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OBJECTIVE：To investigate the effects and its mechanism of pseudostrychnine on the apoptosis of human colon can - cer HT- 29 cells. METHODS ：Human colon cancer HT- 29 cells were randomly divided into blank group ，pseudostrychnine low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups （125，250，500 μmol/L）. They were cultured with culture medium without medicine or relevant concentration of pseudostrychnine for 48 h. The cell apoptosis and mitochondrial transmembrane potential were detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting assay was employed to detect the protein expression of P 53，Caspase-3，Caspase-9，DNA re - pair enzyme from rabbit （c-PARP）and Bcl- 2. RESULTS ：Compared with blank group ，apoptotic rate of cells was increased signifi - cantly in pseudostrychnine low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups ，while mitochondrial transmembrane potential was de - creased significantly （P＜0.01），in concentration-dependent manner. The protein expression levels of P 53，Caspase-3，Caspase-9 and c-PARP were increased in pseudostrychnine medium-dose and high-dose groups ，compared with blank group ；while those of Bcl-2 were decreased significantly in pseudostrychnine low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CON - CLUSIONS：Pseudostrychnine may change mitochondrial membrane potential by up-regulating the protein expression of P 53 and down-regulating the protein expression of Bcl- 2，and activate the expression of Caspase- 3，c-PARP and Caspase- 9，so as to acti - vate endogenous mitochondrial pathway and promote the apoptosis of HT- 29 cells.
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Objective The distribution of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance was studied in the People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 2012 to December 2017 for rational antimicrobial therapy and control of bloodstream infections. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the pathogenic strains of bloodstream infection. A total of 2 095 strains were collected and subjected to identification by Bact/ALERT 3D automatic blood culture instrument and VITEK 32 automatic microbiological analysis and susceptibility testing. The data were analyzed by using WHONET 5.6 software and SPSS 22.0 software. Results Of the 2 095 strains of pathogens, gram negative bacteria accounted for 50.1％ and gram-positive bacteriaaccounted for 49.9％. Specifically, the top species included coagulase negative Staphylococcus (34.8％), Escherichia coli (27.8％), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.1％), Staphylococcus aureus (6.9％), and Enterococcus (6.6％). These strains were mainly identified from ICU (22.5％) and general surgery department (9.3％). The prevalence of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 82.3％ and 44.8％, respectively. No gram-positive bacteria were resistant to vancomycin and linezolid. The E. faecium strains showed higher resistance rates to common antimicrobial agents than E. faecalis strains. Enterobacteriaceae species including E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and E. cloacae were highly resistant to ampicillin (＞80％). The resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae species to imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam was lower than 9.4％. In the non-fermentative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii strains were highly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents except amikacin (22.2％). Conclusions The pathogenic bacteria of bloodstream infection are complex, consisting of similar proportion of gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. The pathogens were mainly found in ICU. Antibiotic-resistant strains identified are highly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Efforts should be made to strengthen antimicrobial resistance surveillance for rational antimicrobial therapy.
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Objective To investigate the application of evidence-based medicine combined problem-based learning in clinical teaching of respiratory medicine. Methods 47 students were divided into two groups. EBM-PBL was applied in the experimental group including 27 students and PBL was applied in the control group including 20 students. Teaching effect was evaluated by objective and subjective indicators. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software and Fisher's exact probability test was also applied. Results The proportion of high level evidences (grade A) that provided by the students in experimental group (51.3％) was significantly higher than that in the control group (30.2％) (P<0.05). About 90％ students in the experi-mental group believed that EBM-PBL could improve their abilities of information acquisition and utiliza-tion, problem analysis and solving as well as multiple discipline literature synthesizing, which was signifi-cantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion EBM-PBL could cultivate the students' awareness of evidence and the level of clinical decision-making so as to enhance their comprehensive abil-ities, which was superior to mere problem-based learning.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qingpeng ointment for the treatment of localized eczema in children.Methods A multicenter,randomized,open-labeled,tacrolimus 0.03％ ointment-controlled clinical trial was conducted.A total of 442 children with localized eczema were enrolled into this study,and divided into 2 groups to topically apply Qingpeng ointment (Qingpeng group) and tacrolimus 0.03％ ointment (tacrolimus group) respectively twice a day for 2 weeks.The children were followed up before the treatment and 1,2 weeks after the treatment,and the efficacy and safety were evaluated at the same time.Results Clinical data from 426 children were included in the efficacy analysis.At 1,2 weeks after the treatment,there were no significant differences in the response rate between the Qingpeng group and tacrolimus group (1 week after the treatment:78.92％ vs.81.77％,x2 =0.545,P =0.460;2 weeks after the treatment:98.65％ vs.97.54％,x2 =0.721,P =0.396).However,the pruritus scores at 1,2 weeks after the treatment were both significantly lower in the Qingpeng group than in the tacrolimus group (1 week:F =14.001,P =0.000;2 weeks:F =11.252,P =0.001).At 1 week after the treatment,the incidence rate of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the Qingpeng group than in the tacrolimus group (P ＜ 0.05).Mild itching,burning sensation and other local irritant sensations were the most common adverse reactions.Conclusion Qingpeng ointment is safe and effective for the treatment of localized eczema in children with good tolerability.
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Objective To examine the distribution and antibiotic resistance of the Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from Department of Neurology.Methods A retrospective review was conducted for the 269 strains of A.baumannii isolated during the period from January 2009 to March 2014.VITEK 2 Compact system was used for bacteria identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.The data were analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software and compared by Chi-square test.Results The prevalence of A.baumannii was higher in Department of Neurology than in Department of Neurosurgery or Neurology ICU. Majority (97.4%)of the A.baumannii strains were isolated from sputum.About 54.3% of the A.baumannii isolates were resistant to imipenem.Relatively lower percentage of the A.baumannii isolates were resistant to amikacin (20.7%),but as high as 54.3% and 55.0% of the strains were resistant to imipenem and piperacillin-tazobactam.More imipenem-non-resistant A.baumannii strains (89.4%)were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than imipenem-resistant A.baumannii (72.6%)(P < 0.05). However,to the other antimicrobial agents tested,imipenem-resistant A.baumannii strains showed significantly higher resistance rate than imipenem-non-resistant A.baumannii strains (P< 0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of A.baumannii and imipenem-resistant A.baumannii is high in Department of Neurology.Further monitoring of antibiotic resistance and rational use of antimicrobial agents are helpful to effectively control the epidemic of multidrug-resistant A.baumannii.
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This study was aimed to observe the effects ofFeng-Shi-Ning (FSN) capsule on the balance of IL-17+CD4+T (Th17) / Foxp3+CD4+CD25+regulatory T (Treg) cells in peripheral blood and the inflammatory media in synovial fluid of rats with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in order to further study the mechanism of FSN capsule in RA treatment. The collagen-induced arthritisⅡ (CIA) was used in the RA rat model establishment. The balance of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood was analyzed by the flow cytometry method for effects of FSN capsule treatment. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-4 and IL-10 in synovial fluid were measured by cytometric bead array (CBA) method. The effects of the normal rats, CIA model rats and the rats treated by tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablet (TPT) were compared. The results showed that compared with the model group, the percentage of Th17 cells in both the FSN capsule group and high-dose CIA group were obviously decreased (P 0.05). There was no significant difference on Th17 and Treg cells among each treatment group and TPT group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the high-dose and middle dose FSN can obviously reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17A in synovial fluid of rats in each FSN group (P 0.05). Compared with the TPT group, there were no significant differences on IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-4 and IL-10 in each treatment group (P > 0.05). It was concluded that FSN can obviously reduce the percentage of Th17, decrease the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-17A in synovial fluid. However, it had no obvious effects on the percentage of Treg cells, or the secretion of IL-4 and IL-10 in synovial fluid. The mechanism of FSN capsule in RA treatment may be through regulating Th17 cells, adjusting body immune imbalance, and inhibiting the excessive secretion of inflammatory media in synovial fluid.
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Objective To analyze clinical distribution and change in drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii)in 2009-2013,guide clinical rational antimicrobial use,and reduce healthcare-associated infection rate.Methods 919 A.baumannii isolates were isolated from inpatients and outpatients in a hospital between Janu-ary 2009 and December 2013,specimen and department sources,as well as change in drug resistance of A.bauman-nii were analyzed.Results A total of 10 273 pathogens were isolated from 2009 to 2013,the constituent ratio of A.baumannii in each year was 7.98%(n=93),11.31%(n=155),10.22%(n=185),7.73%(n=217),and 8.62%(n=269)respectively;the constituent ratio of imipenem-resistant A.baumannii was 24.73%,38.06%,71.89%, 64.52%,and 86.99% respectively;the main specimen source was sputum (83.68%);the major department sources were intensive care unit(ICU,39.28%),department of neurology (20.78%),and department of respiratory medi-cine(8.60%).The resistant rate of A.baumannii to most antimicrobial agents increased,the resistant rates to imi-penem and piperacillin/tazobactam increased from 24.73% and 4.44% in 2009 to 86.99% and 86.25% in 2013 re-spectively;resistant rate to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim decreased from 91.30% in 2009 to 27.14% in 2013;in 2013,except resistant rates to amikacin and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim were low (20.82% and 27.14%respectively),resistant rates to the other 11 kinds of antimicrobial agents were all >83.64%.Conclusion The iso-lation rate of A.baumannii is high in this hospital,the main specimen source is sputum,the main department source is ICU;antimicrobial resistant rate of A.baumannii is high,prevention and control of infection and trans-mission of A.baumannii should be strengthened.
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Objective:To observe the efficacy of acupuncture plus tuina therapy for insomnia. Methods:Totally 100 eligible patients were randomized into a treatment group (n=51) and a control group (n=49) by using the random number table. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Fengchi (GB 20), Wangu (GB 12), Shenting (GV 24), Anmian [Extra, locates at the midpoint between Yiming (EX-HN 14) and Fengchi (GB 20)], and Neiguan (PC 6) plus tuina treatment; the control group was intervened by acupuncture alone. For both groups, the treatment was given once a day, 10 sessions as a treatment course, and the efficacies were evaluated and compared after 3 treatment courses. Results:Of the 51 subjects in the treatment group, 46 cases completed 3 treatment courses, and 17 cases were cured, 18 cases showed marked efficacy, 7 cases were improved, 4 cases had invalid result, and the total effective rate was 91.3%. Of the 49 subjects in the control group, 46 cases completed 3 treatment courses, and 8 cases were cured, 12 cases showed marked efficacy, 14 cases were improved, 12 cases had invalid result, and the total effective rate was 73.9%. The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P Conclusion:Acupuncture plus tuina can calm the mind and activate meridian qi in treating insomnia, and it can produce a more significant efficacy than pure acupuncture treatment.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Allergic asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease partly characterised by high concentration of T help 2 (Th2) cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). There is no report on the relation of peripherally circulating blood lymphocytes and asthma. We explored the balance of Th2/Th1 cytokines in asthmatic mice. Exogenous recombinant interleukin (IL) 33 acted on murine peripheral circulating blood lymphocytes, IL-5 cytokine was selected for assessing Th2 cytokines and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) for Th1 cytokines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Female specific pathogen free BABL/c mice were sensitised by intraperitoneal injection of 20 µg of ovalbumin emulsified in 1 mg of aluminium hydroxide gel in a total volume of 200 µl, and challenged for 30 minutes in 7 consecutive days with an aerosol of 2 g ovalbumin in 100 ml of PBS. Then we collected BALF and isolated lymphocytes from the peripheral blood. The lymphocytes were divided into two groups: asthmatic group and normal group. Th1/Th2 cytokines was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the asthma group, we found numerous eosinophils and lymphocytes on the glass slides. We then confirmed that the optimal concentration of IL-33 was 10 ng/ml and time of IL-33 stimulating lymphocytes was 24 hours. In the asthma group, the production of IL-5 was significantly increased over normal group after stimulation with IL-33 (P < 0.05) and the production of IFNγ was supressed from IL-33 stimulated lymphocytes (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IL-33 acts on lymphocytes of peripheral blood increasing secretion of Th2 cytokines and inhibiting secretion of Th1 cytokines.</p>
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Animals , Female , Mice , Asthma , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Interferon-gamma , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Interleukin-33 , Interleukin-5 , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Interleukins , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Lymphocytes , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
Objective To compare distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii specimen in the intensive care unit(ICU) and the ICU.Methods Retrospective analysis ICU of 1 079 strains isolated and the 8 413 strains of bacteria isolated from ICU , Bacteria identification and drug sensitive test instrument using VITEK 2 Compact automatic bacterial culture identification .Results Most ICU Acinetobacter baumannii separation , form (29.2%) was significantly higher than the ICU (6.2%),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =625.955, P<0.05).ICU imine resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from south (IRAB)detection rate(91.7%)was significantly higher(43.5%) than the ICU,difference was statistically significant (χ2 =193.541,P<0.05);Specimens of ICU and the ICU isolated bacteria were mainly comes from sputum ,constitute a ratio of 64.0%and 32.9%respectively. ICU and the separation of the ICU Acinetobacter baumannii to amikacin resistant rate was low (20.0%-21.6%),the separation of ICU Acinetobacter baumannii for three or four generation of cephalosporin , composite inhibitor drugs , penicillium carbon alkene ,quinolone antibacterial drugs ,significantly higher percentages of ICU ,difference was statis-tically significant(χ2 =146.124,104.407,253.171,195.646,186.580,all P<0.05).Conclusion Multiple drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in ICU detection rate is high ,the bacteria monitoring should be strengthened , and the rational use of drugs ,reduce the drug resistance of bacteria .
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Objective To investigate the distribution of the Bauman acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) resisted to imipenem and character of drug resistance.Methods Retrospective analyzed 517 strains of IRAB and 319 strains of imipenem drug resistance of acinetobacter baumannii from South Africa (not IRAB) by VITEK 2 compact automatic bacterial culture identification.Results IRAB positive rate was 61.8％ (517/836).The main source of IRAB was from sputum(85.5％ (442/517)).The constitute ratio of main areas in IRAB was ICU ward (55.9％) and only 7.8％ in non-IRAB.The resistant rate of IRAB to amikacin was 27.2％.The resistant rate of non-IRAB to Amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were 8.0％ (21/262),8.2％ (26/317),suggesting the good antibacterial activity.In terms of rate of resistance drug,apart from Cefazolin,Cefotetan,Cotrimoxazole,Nitrofurantoin,the sort of antibacterial drugs against IRAB was obviously higher than that of non-IRAB,and difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Drug resistance surveillance should be strengthened because of high detection rate and drug resistance in ICU in terms of IRAB.Combination therapy and related intervention measures might effective control of infection and IRAB.
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Objective To understand the hospital intensive care unit(ICU) pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance for providing the basis for rational drug use and hospital infection control and prevention.Methods The drug resistance of 749 strains of pathogenic bacteria the separated from ICU was analyzed from January 2009 to December 2012.VITEK 2 Compact automatic bacteria identification instrument was used to detect bacteria identification and drug sensitive test using.Results There were Acinetobacter baumannii(208 strains,27.8％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(108 strains,14.4％),E.coli (96 strains,12.8 ％),Staphylococcus aureus (76 strains,10.1％),Klebsiella pneumoniae(62 strains,8.3％) mainly accupied in 749 strains of pathogenic bacteria.The species was mainly from sputum specimens sources (503 strains,67.2％) ; the separation rate of Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 82.9％ (63/76) ; the separation rate of Imine resistance from South pseudomonas aeruginosa(IRPA) was 22.2％ (24/108) ; the separation rate of resistance to carbon penicillium alkene antimicrobial acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB) was 88.0％ (183/208).The resistant rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to amikacin was from 28.6％ to 31.5％,the other 20 kinds of antimicrobial drug resistant rate was as high as 81.6％-100.0％ ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin,aztreonam and piperacillin/tazobactam resistant rate of 11.6％-25.0％.Conclusion Detection of pathogens in ICU,multi-drug resistance is serious,the hospital should strengthen the bacterial drug resistance monitoring,rational use of antimicrobial drugs,reduce the nosocomial infection.